Cameroon’s North-West and South-West regions endured a surge in insecurity and humanitarian distress throughout September 2025, as a prolonged lockdown imposed by non-State armed groups (NSAGs) disrupted daily life and intensified protection risks. The lockdown, which began on 8 September and extended into mid-October, paralyzed movement, restricted access to essential services, and heightened tensions across communities already grappling with years of conflict. Civilians bore the brunt of the restrictions, with many forced to flee their homes amid threats and violence, resulting in the displacement of approximately 4,500 people during the month alone.
The education sector was particularly hard-hit, with six reported attacks on schools across various divisions. These incidents, carried out by NSAGs enforcing school closures, endangered students and teachers while undermining efforts to restore learning in crisis-affected areas. The targeting of educational institutions reflects a broader pattern of intimidation and control that continues to erode the social fabric of the region. Despite these challenges, humanitarian organizations managed to reach over 180,000 people with critical assistance, employing remote delivery strategies and capitalizing on weekend access windows to navigate the volatile environment.
Protection concerns remain acute, with civilians facing elevated risks of gender-based violence, child exploitation, and arbitrary threats. The presence of armed groups and the breakdown of law enforcement have created a climate of fear and vulnerability, particularly for women and children. Humanitarian actors have emphasized the urgent need for improved access, enhanced coordination, and increased funding to address the growing needs of affected populations. The situation report underscores the resilience of communities and aid workers operating under extreme conditions, while also highlighting the pressing need for sustained international support and diplomatic engagement to stabilize the region.
As the crisis in the North-West and South-West regions persists, the humanitarian landscape continues to evolve, shaped by conflict dynamics, displacement patterns, and the capacity of response mechanisms. The September 2025 report paints a sobering picture of life under siege, where basic rights and services remain out of reach for many, and where the path to peace and recovery demands renewed commitment from all stakeholders.