In a significant stride for democracy, South Africa and Botswana have been recognized for their advancements in conducting credible elections, as highlighted in the Global State of Democracy 2025 report by the International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (International IDEA). The report underscores that both nations have made notable progress in ensuring fair and transparent electoral processes, setting a benchmark for democratic practices across the continent.
Botswana's 2024 general election marked a historic moment as voters ended the Botswana Democratic Party's (BDP) 58-year dominance, leading to the country's first peaceful transfer of leadership since its independence in 1966. Key reforms contributing to this achievement included an increase in polling stations both domestically and abroad, the declaration of two public holidays to maximize voter turnout, and nationally televised debates that allowed voters to critically assess candidates. Observers commended Botswana for its transparent elections, despite challenges related to communication and the appointment of election authorities.
In South Africa, the 2024 elections resulted in the African National Congress (ANC) losing its outright majority for the first time since the end of apartheid. This shift necessitated the formation of a national coalition government, marking a significant change in the country's political landscape. The ANC's decline below the 50% threshold has been viewed as both a political shock and a democratic milestone, signaling a more competitive system where voters have a more substantial influence.
The report also notes that Botswana experienced the largest improvement on the Credible Elections index between 2019 and 2024. Other African countries, such as Chad and Mauritius, were also recognized for their strides in enhancing electoral credibility. These developments demonstrate that entrenched power can be challenged peacefully and that credible elections remain the cornerstone of democracy in Africa.
As Africa continues to evolve politically, the experiences of South Africa and Botswana serve as exemplary models of democratic resilience and the importance of credible electoral processes in fostering sustainable governance.